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Analytical Note, March 2013 This note provides an overview of the EPA negotiations. It illustrates the fact that the same critical contentious issues persist in the EPAs across various regional blocs. It also highlights the concerns of the highest political authorities of ACP States regarding the EPAs and the inherent dangers for regional integration, industrialization, and the development of ACP States. Activity is likely to increase further given the high probability that Europe will remove countries from being recipients of EU preferences provided under the EC market access regulation 1528/2007 if they have not signed or ratified their EPA by 1 October 2014. Analytical Notes, January 2013 Benchmarks to ‘further strengthen, streamline and operationalize’ the 2002 LDC Accession Guidelines have been developed. The following conclusions can be made regarding these benchmarks: Analytical Notes, June 2012 One of the main contentious issues in the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between the EU and African countries is the level of trade liberalization which Europe is asking for. This issue is certainly one of the most critical for Africa. At its heart is the question of whether the elimination of tariffs for a majority of tariff lines in the EPAs will destroy local industries and their productive capacities as well as the extent to which regional trade may be disrupted. Analytical Note, December 2011 This Analytical Note provides an overview of the following: issues at stake in MC8 for developing countries and key messages for Ministers; the state of play including the main events that took place in the production of the ‘Elements for Political Guidance’ text; the legal status of the Chairman’s Statement as the outcome document of the Ministerial; important process issues to be mindful of during the Ministerial; a detailed look at the issues in the ‘Elements for Political Guidance’ text; and a paragraph by paragraph analysis of the ‘Elements’ text.
Informal note? November 2011 This note includes a non-exhaustive list of implementation issues that would be very beneficial for developing countries if they can be delivered.
Analytical Note, November 2011 This Note is an analysis of the draft waiver decision submitted by the Chairman of the CTS to Ministers for adoption at the 8th Ministerial Conference. This is essentially a waiver from the most-favoured nation treatment clause (Article II. 1) in GATS to allow Members to provide preferential and more favourable treatment to services and services suppliers of LDCs. Two main issues have arisen in the draft waiver text. Firstly the types of preferences covered by the waiver, in order to be effective, needs to go beyond market access measures. The second issue is that of rules of origin. There is need to clarify the meaning of rules of origin in the waiver. Documentos analíticos, noviembre de 2011
Paquete para los PMA: situación de las negociaciones y texto propuesto para la Octava Conferencia Ministerial de la OMC
En mayo de 2011 el Director General de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC), en calidad de Presidente del Comité de Negociaciones Comerciales (CNC), propuso un paquete para los países menos adelantados (PMA) a fin de resolver una serie de “cuestiones iniciales” durante la Octava Conferencia Ministerial de la OMC en diciembre de 2011. Desde entonces, la oposición de los Estados Unidos ha impedido el avance de las negociaciones. Sin embargo, el paquete para los PMA cuenta con un amplio apoyo de otros miembros de la OMC y el grupo de PMA en la OMC sigue insistiendo en lograr resultados con relación al paquete en la Octava Conferencia Ministerial de la OMC. Descargar el resumen en español Descargar la versión inegral en inglés
Trato especial y diferenciado: situación de las negociaciones y texto propuesto para la Octava Conferencia Ministerial de la OMC Si bien ha habido ciertos progresos en las negociaciones sobre trato especial y diferenciado para los países desarrollados dispuestas en el párrafo 44 de la Declaración ministerial de Doha, estos progresos no han sido significativos. En este documento se presenta un panorama de: i) los acuerdos alcanzados en materia de disposiciones sobre trato especial y diferenciado desde mayo de 2003 ii) las propuestas pendientes en materia de trato especial y diferenciado iii) las negociaciones sobre el Mecanismo de Vigilancia iv) las cuestiones que revisten un interés particular para los países en desarrollo en relación con el programa inconcluso de negociaciones sobre trato especial y diferenciado y las recomendaciones para el camino a seguir y, por último, v) el texto propuesto para las negociaciones en materia de trato especial y diferenciado en la Octava Conferencia Ministerial de la OMC Analytical Note, November 2011 This study provides a simple cost-benefit analysis of the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between African countries and the European Union. It compares the costs of signing an EPA - measured as tariff revenue losses, versus the “gains” of signing an EPA - measured as duties African countries would avoid paying if they were to export to the EU market under the EU’s Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) scheme. The major question therefore is whether the tariff revenue losses resulting from the EPA outweigh the duties that countries would have to pay in a non-EPA scenario? Do the losses of EPAs outweigh the “gains”?
Analytical Notes, June 2011 1) Key Overview Paper: Present Situation of the WTO Doha Talks and Comments on the 21 April 2011 Documents WTO released on 21 April 2011, a 600-page package providing an overview of the last 10 years of Doha negotiations. This paper is an analysis of this overall package. Although Doha started as a “Development Agenda” with a pledge that developing countries’ interests would be at the centre, ironically there is hardly any development content left in the Doha elements. The agricultural deal has side-stepped the major issue of subsidies by developed countries. Special and Differential Treatment (S&D) for developing countries such as the Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM) is practically inoperable and ineffective. There are no results in cotton. In NAMA, the packaged is imbalanced and problematic in terms of the shrinking of developing countries’ policy space to carry out much needed industrialisation. The services report puts a ‘necessity test’ back in as an option in the domestic regulation negotiations. Key areas of interest to developing countries have been sidelined – Article XXIV; S&D and Implementation issues. Analytical Note, April 2011 This document provides a paragraph by paragraph analysis of the draft domestic regulation texts which are currently being discussed at the WTO’s Working Party on Domestic Regulation (services negotiations). As long as countries have opened and ‘bound’ at the WTO certain services sectors and modes of supply, the disciplines being negotiated on Licensing Requirements (LR); Licensing Procedures (LP); Qualification Requirements (QR); Qualification Procedures (QP) and Technical Standards (TS) apply in those sectors and modes. These disciplines stipulate that countries’ measures relating to LR; LP; QR; QP; and TS should be ‘pre-established’, based on ‘objective and transparent criteria’ and ‘relevant’ to the supply of the services. They should in principle not be ‘disguised restrictions on trade’; they should be ‘as simple as possible’ etc. The analysis gives an overview of what is at stake, provides paragraph by paragraph comments on the negotiating texts, and also suggests some recommendations. Documento analítico (resumen) marzo de 2011 La Unión Europea (UE) utiliza una plétora de herramientas de política destinadas a proteger su sector agrícola y asegurar que los agricultores europeos, a pesar de tener costos de producción más elevados, sean capaces de continuar produciendo tanto para el mercado europeo como para el mercado de las exportaciones. El presente documento constituye una instantánea de estas herramientas, y proporciona una visión de conjunto de los nuevos instrumentos que, como resultado de las reformas en curso de la Política Agrícola Común (PAC) de la UE, son cada vez más utilizados. Documento analítico (resumen) marzo de 2011 En las negociaciones de la UE relativas a los Tratados de Libre Comercio (TLC), la UE no ha querido abordar la cuestión de las subvenciones agrícolas con el argumento de que tales negociaciones ya se llevan a cabo en el marco de la OMC. Sin embargo, este argumento no es satisfactorio puesto que los TLC llevarán a reducciones de los tipos arancelarios de los países en desarrollo superiores a las que se les pide en la Ronda de negociaciones de Doha de la OMC. Asimismo, en esta ronda de negociaciones, las subvenciones concedidas por la UE no serán modificadas. Las subvenciones serán simplemente cambiadas de compartimento para que den la impresión de ser inocuas. Este documento señala ejemplos de investigaciones (entre las que se incluyen investigaciones realizadas por la misma UE) que demuestran que las ayudas directas otorgadas por la UE, así como sus herramientas de política comercial, provocan distorsiones en el mercado. Analytical Note, November 2011 Trade trends are changing quite rapidly for Africa. A careful analysis of Africa’s export statistics reveals startling facts regarding the markets that are most important for Africa today, and in the years to come. Analytical Note, November 2010 The discussion on WTO compatibility in the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) between the EU and ACP countries has so far been very narrowly defined, and largely from the perspective of the European Union. This Analytical Note presents a matrix providing a comparison of the EPA commitments the EU is asking ACP countries for, and treatment of these issues in the WTO, including where appropriate, the type of flexibilities available for the different developing country groupings at the WTO. Documento Analítico, resumen únicamente, noviembre de 2009 En 10 años de negociaciones sobre la agricultura, en su lucha por conseguir mercados para la exportación de productos agrícolas, los países desarrollados y en desarrollo han debilitado considerablemente las disposiciones del MSE. Un número considerable de estas condicionalidades ni siquiera existe para las SGE utilizadas por los países desarrollados. De hecho, el MSE ha sido debilitado a tal punto en las negociaciones que su eficacia y, por consiguiente, su utilidad para los países en desarrollo, es cuestionable. Documento Analíico, Noviembre de 2009 Extracto: "La cláusula que establece que los envíos en camino quedan exentos de la aplicación del MSE basado en el precio convertirá el MSE, conforme a la redacción actual, en un instrumento imposible de invocar para la mayoría de los países en desarrollo. Las SGE funcionan de forma que los países importadores perciben derechos en la frontera únicamente cuando llegan los envíos y cuando es claro que el precio del envío ha bajado y no supera el precio de activación. Si el MSE basado en el precio no cuenta con esa misma posibilidad que ofrecen las SGE, resulta poco probable que los países en desarrollo puedan invocarlo". Analytical Note, November 2009 This paper examines the conditionalities and their implications for the effectiveness of the volume-based SSM in the December 2008 Agriculture Chair's Modalities. These conditionalities include the trigger level; limits on the remedies and remedy caps; limits on the number of tariff lines that can go beyond the Uruguay Round bound rates; the cross-check; ‘on/off' periods of SSM application; treatment for seasonal and perishable products; exclusion of preferential trade from SSM coverage; exclusion of negligible trade; and pro-rating clauses in calculating the preceding 3-year volume imports. The paper then makes recommendations on how these clauses can be changed so that the SSM can be a more effective instrument for developing countries. Documento Analítico (resumen únicamente), noviembre de 2009 En el presente Documento Analítico se presenta un panorama general de las tendencias en el aumento de las importaciones agrícolas en diferentes agrupaciones de países en desarrollo, así como las estadísticas correspondientes al aumento de las importaciones a partir de una muestra de 56 países en desarrollo. En el documento se estudian igualmente los productos cuyas importaciones aumentan con mayor frecuencia. Por último, se presentan los casos de dos países en particular en donde tiene lugar un aumento de las importaciones: la carne de aves de corral en Ghana y el arroz en el Senegal.
June 2010
The document contains a matrix of 21 contentious issues pertaining to the goods negotiations in the EPAs. For each issue, the ‘best’ language (i.e. least damaging language) from the various EPA texts is identified. The problems posed by these contentious issues are then highlighted, and some recommendations provided. April 2010 A large part of the discomfort of many ACP countries vis-à-vis the EPAs have to do with what are now known as ‘contentious issues’ or ‘unresolved issues’. Negotiations on these issues took place between the EU and some African sub-regions in 2009, with agreements on some of these issues emerging for SADC and ESA countries. This note analyses the results of the negotiations on the standstill clause; modification of tariff commitments provision; duties and taxes on exports; the infant industry clause; prohibition of quantitative restrictions; the food security clause; free circulation of goods and definition of the ‘parties’. These form only part of the list of the overall basket of contentious issues, but they are those negotiated in 2009. March 2010 The EPAs provide the wrong development model for Africa, and will jeopardize African countries’ development and regional integration prospects, rather than support them. Until now, only 10 out of 47 African countries have signed the EPA – most are dragging out the negotiations because they are reluctant or are resisting signing, due to their anti-developmental content. The problematic conditions of the EPAs include zero tariffs on 70-80% of all tariff lines; no increase in any tariffs; weak safeguard; prohibition of new export taxes and duties and the pressure from the EU to launch into liberalization of other issues such as services, investment, competition and procurement. Analytical Note, December 2009 This analytical note looks at how MRV metrics and modalities in relation to paragraphs 1(b)(i) and (ii) of the UNFCCC Bali Action Plan (BAP) can be made operational in ways that reflect the primary sustainable development concerns and perspectives of developing country Parties to the UNFCCC. It suggests that such metrics and modalities have to take into account existing modalities with a view towards further enhancing the effective implementation of the UNFCCC by all Parties. Documento Analítico, octubre de 2009 Las “disciplinas sobre la reglamentación nacional” propuestas por la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) podrían afectar la reglamentación de los sectores de servicios cruciales para el desarrollo, como los servicios financieros, la educación, las empresas de servicios públicos y el desarrollo territorial. Analytical Note, August 2009 This Analytical Note examines flexibilities in the Agreement on Trade-Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and possible technology transfer approaches under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as among the possible modalities that developing countries can use to obtain access to and affect transfers of climate-relevant technologies. It looks at the possibilities and challenges that need to be addressed in this regard. Analytical Note, May 2009 Currently, the EU and Central American countries are negotiating the Free Trade Agreement. The European Commission commissioned a Trade Sustainability Impact Assessment (TSIA) which is estimated to be completed by August 2009. On 6 April 2009, the draft interim technical report was published (in English). This paper assesses the draft interim TSIA and its annexes. The main conclusions are; main sustainability issues in Central America identified in the report are not sufficiently addressed such as regional integration (economic), unemployment (social) and deforestation (environmental); the results of the CGE model, and the data input and scenarios overstate the benefits of the FTA South Centre Analytical Note, June 2009 This Analytical Note explores the options available to developing countries in negotiating agreements establishing Free Trade Areas (FTAs) involving a trade in services component with the European Union (EU). It examines the issues that are challenging for development in the EU proposals which include amongst other things the EU negotiating template, Mode 4 limitations, the domestic regulatory framework and the MFN clause. Secondly it identifies the options available to developing countries. These include cooperation arrangements with the EU, respect for regional initiatives, recognition of special treatment for LDCs and retaining the GATS architecture and flexibilities. Documento Analítico - marzo de 2009 Los acuerdos de asociación económica (AAE) que negocian la Unión Europea y África plantean serias dificultades para los países africanos debido a que dichos acuerdos son, esencialmente, tratados de libre comercio. En ese contexto, se ha debatido con frecuencia la cuestión de los indicadores de desarrollo. Algunos reconocen la necesidad de supervisar rigurosamente la aplicación de los AAE una vez que se han concertado y de frenar el proceso de liberalización si no se logran los objetivos de desarrollo deseados. En el presente documento se proponen tres indicadores de desarrollo concretos. Se basan en los indicadores de la Unión Europea utilizados en la graduación de productos de países que se benefician de regímenes preferenciales del Sistema de preferencias generalizadas (SPG). Documento Analítico SC/GGDP/AN/ENV/7 En el presente Documento Analítico se estudian los niveles necesarios de financiación relacionada con el cambio climático y los conductos de gestión de la financiación pública destinada a alentar la adopción medidas relativas al cambio climático en los países en desarrollo procedente de los países desarrollados parte en la Convención de las Naciones Unidas para el Cambio Climático (CMNUCC), es decir, las Partes comprendidas en el Anexo I de la Convención. Se aduce que la financiación pública procedente de las Partes listadas en el Anexo I es insuficiente respecto de las necesidades existentes y refleja una preferencia por conductos externos a la CMNUCC. Se afirma también que dichas Partes cuentan por partida doble la asistencia oficial para el desarrollo y la financiación relacionada con el cambio climático a la hora de demostrar el cumplimiento de sus compromisos en la materia. Concluye que las modalidades existentes mediante las que los países desarrollados proporcionan financiación para contrarrestar el cambio climático menoscaban la CMNUCC en términos de su función como vehículo de financiación relacionada con el cambio climático que guarda conformidad con los objetivos de la CMNUCC y los refuerza. Documento Analítico, diciembre de 2008 Desde la época del GATT se ha debatido intensamente sobre la cuestión de la compatibilidad de los ACR con las normas de la OMC. Los ACR están regidos por el artículo XXIV del GATT. No obstante, dicho artículo carece de toda dimensión de desarrollo. En el presente Documento Analítico se aboga por la necesidad de incluir disposiciones sobre trato especial y diferenciado en el artículo XXIV a fin de que dicho artículo sea congruente con el artículo V del AGCS. También se analizan las formas en que algunos miembros de la OMC, en particular los países desarrollados, han protegido sus mercados en el marco de los ACR. Existen razones legítimas que justifican una menor liberalización por parte de los países en desarrollo. South Centre Analytical Note - November 2008 The Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM) is often quoted as one of the main controversial points that lead to the failure to the WTO mini-ministerial process in July 2008. Technical divergences relate to key aspects of the design and operation of the mechanism but also strong political divergences among exporters and importers. The purpose of this note is to explain the rationale and origins of the SSM and the main contentious issues in the current debate. South Centre Analytical Note - October 2008 This Analytical Note follows up the study on stakeholder perspectives on the Development Cooperation Forum (DCF) prepared by the South Centre entitled “Reshaping the International Development Cooperation Architecture: Perspectives on a Strategic Development Role for the Development Cooperation Forum” and provides more in-depth developing country perspectives on the DCF on the basis of four country papers prepared by research partners based in Brazil, China, India, and South Africa. South Centre Analytical Note - September 2008 This Analytical Note presents the findings of a research project undertaken by the South Centre designed to gather insights and perspectives from various stakeholders – including developing country governments and civil society. It then presents some recommendations regarding the vision, roles, institutional architecture, and functions of the newly-created Development Cooperation Forum (DCF), highlighting the need for the DCF to be a strategic forum for multilateral discussion of development cooperation issues in order to enhance the role of the UN system in development cooperation policymaking and implementation. South Centre Analytical Note - October 2008 This paper outlines the main events which took place during the WTO’s July mini-Ministerial. It goes on to provide a discussion of the key issues that were important in that meeting – agriculture, cotton, the non-agriculture market access negotiations, as well as systemic process concerns. It concludes with some thoughts on the challenges confronting developing countries – high food prices, livelihoods and climate change, and the implications these challenges pose for the WTO. South Centre Analytical Note - September 2008 This Analytical Note stresses that both sustainable development and climate change are interlinked. Climate change will have impacts on the pace and progress of developing countries’ efforts to achieve sustainable development objectives, while achieving such objectives form the fundamental premise upon which developing countries are undertaking their actions to address climate change. Sustainable development is a legitimate aspiration of developing countries whose populations are affected by a wide range of poverty- and climate change-related impacts. This South Centre Analytical Note provides a background and discussion on the history of the Mercado Común del Sur – Mercosur’s regional economic and political cooperation and the insights it can provide to developing countries seeking to build greater integration in their region. Analysis focuses on the evolution of the integration process, overcoming certain challenges and enhancing political cooperation in South America. South Centre Analytical Note - September 2008 The purpose of this analytical note is to highlight the inherent imbalances interim EPA texts contain with regard to development assistance. Its analysis, furthermore, can provide guidance to regions and countries that need to draft language regarding financial cooperation in their EPAs so that they strengthen EPA legal language in that respect.
This Analytical Note looks at the new dynamic of capital flows from the South to the North arising from unprecedented levels of capital reserve accumulation by the South. It looks at some of the reasons for such capital accumulation – pointing to the perceived need by developing countries to self-insure themselves against financial crises. It then looks at various ways in which financial crises could be prevented by developing countries and concludes by stressing the need for this new dynamic to be reflected in both international economic arrangements and in terms of ensuring that developmental gains by developing countries are obtained. South Centre Analytical Note - August 2008 The paper analyses the positive impact of Decentralized Renewable Energy Technologies on enhancing climate change adaptation capacity in developing countries facing climate change-related increasing hazards. The paper concludes with some recommendations for implementing decentralized renewable energy technologies for climate adaptation in developing countries. South Centre Analytical Note - August 2008 This South Centre Analytical Note looks at the 25 July 2008 final consultative draft text of the Accra Agenda for Action (AAA) that is expected to be adopted by participants at the Third High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness in Accra, Ghana, from September 2-4, 2008. It argues that the text of the AAA sets the participation of developing countries within the framework and the norms set by developed country donors and will therefore end up strengthening the OECD-DAC framework and its associated governance structure, and does not suggest any inherent change in the governance structure of the international aid system which continues to be donor-driven and reflects donors’ economic and policy agendas. South Centre Analytical Note - July 2008 This Analytical Note looks at the administrative costs involved with having the GEF as an operating entity for the climate change funds for developing countries (i.e. the Least-Developed Country Fund and the Special Climate Change Fund) established by the UNFCCC Conference of the Parties under the UNFCCC’s financial mechanism. It lays out that the administrative costs charged by the GEF (both in terms of the secretariat and the various implementing agencies), using GEF documents in the public domain, for administering these climate change funds. South Centre Analytical Note - May 2008 This South Centre Analytical Note looks at the 18 March 2008 first consultative draft text of the Accra Agenda for Action (AAA) that is expected to be adopted by participants at the Third High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness in Accra, Ghana, in September 2008. It argues that the text of the AAA sets the participation of developing countries within the framework and the norms set by developed country donors and will therefore end up strengthening the OECD-DAC framework and its associated governance structure, and does not suggest any inherent change in the governance structure of the international aid system which continues to be donor-driven and reflects donors’ economic and policy agendas.
South Centre Analytical Note - July 2008 This Analytical Note evaluates how far the commitments contained in the 2002 Monterrey Consensus were fulfilled. It also examines the adequacy of the Monterrey Consensus as a framework for guiding international policy decisions and actions in current circumstances, and then outlines the significant changes and developments that have occurred since Monterrey that call for a fresh approach to addressing financing for development issues. Finally, the Analytical Note seeks to identify policy and institutional areas where the world community needs to be more ambitious in its approach, decisions, and actions at the UN International Review Conference on Financing for Development that will take place in Doha at the end of November 2008.
South Centre Analytical Note - May 2008 This South Centre Analytical Note looks at the donor-driven agenda in the reform of public procurement – the rules that guide government purchasing of goods, works and services – as one of major components in the good governance agenda being incorporated by donors into their aid programmes. This Analytical Note stresses that such an agenda vis-à-vis government procurement not only restricts the flexibility of developing country governments to use public procurement as a policy tool for development, but also has significant consequences for local firms that rely on government contracts. Documento Analítico SC/GGDP/AN/ENV/3, mayo de 2008 Este Documento Analítico del Centro del Sur destaca que, en virtud de la Convención Marco de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático, se requiere el suministro de financiación por parte de los países desarrollados a los países en desarrollo para implementar la Convención Marco. Sin embargo, dicha financiación no se ha proporcionado aún. Este Documento Analítico sugiere que la Conferencia de las Partes opere directamente el mecanismo de la Convención Marco mediante la configuración de un Fondo especial para el cambio climático, el cual respondería íntegramente a los requisitos de la Convención Marco como parte de la respuesta de la comunidad mundial al cambio climático. Analytical Note - May 2008 This Analytical note gives an overview of the provisions on agriculture of the interim EPA initialed at the end of 2007 between the EU et 35 ACP countries. A better understanding of the challenges that faces sub-Saharan agriculture in its expansion as well as the implentation of measures that would help it in that sense are fundamental for the formulation of a positive agenda that would appear as a chapter of the EPA on agriculture. This document is in French but will soon be available in English.
South Centre Analytical Note - May 2008
This South Centre Analytical Note suggests that the modalities for the “measurable, reportable, and verifiable” (MRV) conditions under operative paragraph 1(b)(i) and (ii) of the Bali Action Plan should be the existing MRV modalities with respect to mitigation commitments, financing, technology transfer, and capacity-building under the Convention. Documento Analítico - junio de 2008 A finales de 2007 la UE y los países del CARIFORUM concluyeron un amplio acuerdo de asociación económica (AAE). El AAE con el CARIFORUM es amplio en el sentido de que se extiende al comercio de mercancías, servicios y a todas las cuestiones de nueva generación, como la contratación pública o la legislación sobre la competencia, entre otros. Este Documento Analítico proporciona una visión general de las principales disposiciones del AAE de la región del CARIFORUM y contiene observaciones sobre las repercusiones que tiene para otros Estados ACP en África y el Pacífico, que podrían comenzar pronto negociaciones para la liberalización recíproca del comercio de servicios con Europa... Documento Analítico- Mayo de 2008 El presente Documento Analítico destaca que los desafíos que plantean el desarrollo y el cambio climático exigen un enfoque integrado. Tanto el régimen de comercio como el relativo al cambio climático deben desempeñar una función específica. En ambos casos, una perspectiva favorable al desarrollo debe guiar los debates a fin de garantizar un resultado que responda a las necesidades y aspiraciones de los países en desarrollo y de sus pueblos. El cambio hacia una economía con bajas emisiones de carbono exige, por un lado,
Documento Analítico - junio de 2006 ResumenEn el presente Documento Analítico del Centro del Sur se discuten el concepto de responsabilidad de las empresas respecto del desarrollo, las primeras iniciativas existentes en esta esfera así como la necesidad de que la UNCTAD asegure que el mandato que se le impartió en el contexto de la XI UNCTAD de llevar a cabo una labor específica en esta área producirá resultados importantes. Documento Analítico - febrero de 2006 ResumenEn el Análisis de la Declaración Ministerial de Hong Kong, realizado por el Centro del Sur, se evalúan los desarrollos alcanzados respecto del Programa de Trabajo de Doha desde el lanzamiento de la ronda, se examinan las consecuencias de la Declaración Ministerial de Hong Kong y se identifican algunas cuestiones de importancia estratégica para los países en desarrollo, que es necesario considerar en las negociaciones ulteriores. En el presente documento se ofrece un análisis de los sectores de agricultura y de acceso a los mercados para los productos no agrícolas. |
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